What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

The two main divisions of the nervous system are indeed the central and peripheral nervous systems. The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord, serving as the control center for processing and integrating information, and coordinating responses throughout the body. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) encompasses all the nerves that extend from the CNS to the rest of the body, functioning to transmit signals between the brain and spinal cord and the limbs and organs. This division allows for the communication necessary for both sensory input and motor output, making it essential for all bodily functions.

Understanding these divisions is crucial for exploring how the nervous system operates as a whole. The central nervous system deals with higher-order functions such as cognition and emotion, while the peripheral system facilitates interaction with the external environment and involuntary bodily responses. Thus, the classification into central and peripheral is fundamental to anatomy and physiology as it lays the groundwork for understanding more complex interactions and functions within the body.