What happens to vertebrae in individuals with spina bifida?

Individuals with spina bifida experience a failure of one or more vertebrae to form a complete neural arch, which is essential for enclosing and protecting the spinal cord. In this condition, the neural tube, which develops into the spinal cord and surrounding structures, does not close properly during early fetal development. As a result, the affected vertebrae may remain open or incomplete, leading to potential vulnerabilities for the spinal cord and associated nerves.

This incomplete formation can lead to various complications, including neurological deficits, depending on the severity and location of the defect along the spine. The specific characteristics and effects of spina bifida can vary; however, the hallmark feature of the condition involves these incomplete vertebral structures, making the correct understanding of this option pivotal in the context of human anatomy and physiology.