What is a known risk factor for developing spina bifida?

Folic acid deficiency is recognized as a significant risk factor for developing spina bifida. Spina bifida is a type of neural tube defect that occurs when the spinal cord and surrounding structures do not form properly during early fetal development. Folic acid, a B-vitamin, plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cellular division, which are essential processes during the rapid cell proliferation that occurs in a developing embryo.

Studies have shown that women who have adequate levels of folic acid before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduce the risk of their child developing spina bifida and other neural tube defects. This is why it is recommended for women of childbearing age to consume sufficient folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support healthy fetal development.

In contrast, a diet rich in vitamin C, excessive exercise during pregnancy, and high-protein diets do not have direct correlations with the risk of spina bifida as evidenced by current research. Thus, maintaining adequate folic acid levels is critical in preventing this serious condition.