What type of cells do effectors correspond to in the nervous system?

Effectors correspond to muscle and gland cells in the nervous system because they are the structures that execute the responses commanded by the nervous system. When the nervous system sends signals, these signals trigger effectors to perform specific actions, such as contracting muscles or releasing hormones from glands. This process is critical for enabling physical responses, such as movement or secretion, in reaction to stimuli processed by the nervous system.

Muscle cells are responsible for movement, while gland cells are involved in secreting substances necessary for various bodily functions. Therefore, the identification of effectors as muscle and gland cells highlights their essential role in carrying out the fundamental responses initiated by neural activity.