Which cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) insulate neuron cell bodies in ganglia?

Satellite cells are specialized glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system that play a crucial role in supporting and insulating neuron cell bodies within ganglia. These cells surround the neuronal cell bodies in the ganglia, providing structural support and regulating the microenvironment, which is essential for neuronal health and function. In addition to insulation, they contribute to the maintenance of ion balance and nutrient supply to the neurons, thereby ensuring optimal conditions for nerve signal processing.

In contrast, oligodendrocytes are responsible for insulating axons in the central nervous system (CNS), not neuron cell bodies. Astrocytes, also found in the CNS, support neurons by maintaining the blood-brain barrier and regulating extracellular ion concentrations, but they do not directly insulate neuron cell bodies in ganglia like satellite cells. Schwann cells are involved in myelinating axons in the PNS, rather than insulating cell bodies. Thus, satellite cells are the correct choice as they specifically support and insulate neuron cell bodies in ganglia within the PNS.